Hollow fiber membrane bioreactors (HFMBs) are gaining increasing recognition/popularity/adoption in a variety of biotechnological applications due to their versatility/adaptability/flexibility. These systems offer several advantages, including high productivity/output/efficiency, compact design, and the ability to operate under sterile/controlled/a

Recent investigations have focused on optimizing the efficiency of PVDF membrane bioreactors (MBRs) for efficient wastewater treatment. Key methods for enhancement involve modifying the system structure, adjusting operational parameters such as flow rate, and utilizing advanced techniques. These improvements aim to enhance capacity of contaminants,

The efficiency of Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membrane bioreactors in treating domestic wastewater has been a subject of extensive research. These membrane systems offer distinct advantages such as high elimination rates for pollutants, compact footprint, and the potential to produce reusable water. This article examines recent developments in P